The works below have been published under a variety of labels -- as mainstream literature and as fantasy literature, as books for adult readers and for young readers -- but each has fairy tales at its heart: either a single tale, a collection of tales, or language steeped in fairy tale tropes.
This is by no means an exhaustive list, merely a good place to start.
Novels and Stories *
Sophie Anderson: The Girl Who Speaks Bear
Sophie Anderson: The House With Chicken Legs
Katherine Arden: The Bear and the Nightingale
Margaret Atwood, The Robber Bride
Melissa Bashardoust, Girls Made of Snow and Glass
Aimee Bender, The Color Master
Kate Bernheimer, The Complete Tales of Ketzia Gold
Kate Bernheimer, The Complete Tales of Merry Gold
Kate Bernheimer, The Complete Tales of Lucy Gold
Kate Bernheimer, How a Mother Weaned Her Girl From Fairy Tales
Franny Billingsley, The Folk Keeper
Franny Billingsley, Chime
Holly Black, The White Cat
Francesca Lia Block, The Rose and the Beast
Kevin Brockmeier, The Truth About Celia
Steven Brust, The Sun, the Moon, and the Stars
A.S. Byatt, Elementals: Stories of Fire and Ice
A.S. Byatt, Possession
Angela Carter, The Bloody Chamber
Susanna Clarke, The Ladies of Grace Adieu
Barbara Comyns, The Juniper Tress
C.S.E. Coony, Bone Swans
Robert Coover, Briar Rose
Amanda Craig, In a Dark Wood
Amanda Craig, The Golden Rule
Gillian Cross, Wolf
John Crowley, Little, Big
Michael Cunningham, A Wild Swan and Other Tales
Michael Cunningham, The Snow Queen
Kathryn Davis, The Girl Who Trod on a Loaf
Pamela Dean, Tam Lin
Charles de Lint, The Jack of Kinrowan
Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Sister of My Heart
Berlie Doherty, The Vinegar Jar
Emma Donohue, Kissing the Witch
Keith Donohue, The Stolen Child
Sarah Beth Durst, Ice
Sarah Beth Durst, Into the Wild
Kate Forsyth, Beauty in Thorns
Kate Forsyth, Bitter Greens
Kate Forsyth, The Wild Girl
Kate Forsyth, The Beast's Garden
Gregory Frost, Fitcher's Brides
Neil Gaiman, The Sleeper and the Spindle
Neil Gaiman and Charles Vess, Stardust
Greer Gilman, Moonwise
Theodora Goss, In the Forest of Forgetting
Theodora Goss, Snow White Learns Witchcraft
Hiromi Goto, The Kappa Child
Frances Hardinge, Cuckoo Song
Mette Ivie Harrison, The Princess and the Snowbird
Louise Hawes, Black Pearls
Alice Hoffman, The Ice Queen
Alice Hoffman, The Story Sisters
Nalo Hopkinson, Skin Folk
Kat Howard, Roses and Rot
Eowyn Ivey, The Snow Child
Kathleen Jennings, Flyaway
Kij Johnson, The Fox Woman
Gwyneth Jones, Seven Fairy Tales and a Fable
Caitlin R. Kiernan, The Drowning Girl
Peg Kerr, The Wild Swans
Margo Lanagan, The Bride of Rollrock Island
Margo Lanagan, Tender Morsels
Victor Lavalle, The Changeling
Tanith Lee, Red As Blood
Tanith Lee, White as Snow
Yoon Ha Lee, The Fox's Tower and Other Tales
Kelly Link, Stranger Things Happen
Kelly Link, Magic for Beginners
Malindo Lo, Ash
Carmen Maria Machado, Her Body and Other Parties
Gregory Maguire, Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister
Gregory Maguire, Mirror, Mirror
Juliette Marillier, Daughter of the Forest
Juliette Marillier, Heart's Blood
Sabrina Orah Mark, Wild Milk
Sophie Masson, Serafin
Sophie Masson, Cold Iron
Laura Williams McCaffrey, Water Shaper
Patricia A. McKillip, In the Forests of Serre
Patricia A. McKillip, The Forgotten Beasts of Eld
Patricia A. McKillip, Winter Rose
Robin McKinley, Beauty
Robin McKinley, Deerskin
Robin McKinley, Spindle's End
Tom McNeal, Far Far Away
Louise Murphy, The True Story of Hansel and Gretel
Donna Jo Napoli, Beast
Donna Jo Napoli, Bound
Donna Jo Napoli, Spinners
Donna Jo Napoli, Zel
Patrick Ness, The Crane Wife
Naomi Novik, Uprooted
Naomi Novik, Spinning Silver
Mallory Ortberg, The Merry Spinster
Helen Oyeyemi, Bird, Snow, Boy
Helen Oyeyemi, Gingerbread
Helen Oyeyemi, Mr. Fox
Edith Pattou, East
Ludmilla Petrushevskaya, There Once Lived a Woman Who Tried to Kill Her Neighbor's Baby
Sarah Pinborough: Poison
Sarah Porter, Vassa in the Night
Rachel Pollack, Godmother Night
Monique Roffey, The Mermaid of Black Conch
Rena Rossner, The Sister of the Winter Wood
Salman Rushdie, Haroun and the Sea of Stories
Salman Rushdie, Two Years Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights
Veronica Schanoes, Burning Girls and Other Stories
V.E. Schwab, The Near Witch
Delia Sherman, The Porcelain Dove
Angela Slatter, The Girl With No Hands and Other Tales
Midori Snyder, Soulstring
Midori Snyder and Jane Yolen, Except the Queen
Nancy Springer, Fair Peril
Lucy Sussex, Deersnake
Sheri S. Tepper, Beauty
Shveta Thakrar, Star Daughter
Catherynne M. Valente, Deathless
Catherynne M. Valente, Six-Gun Snow White
Catherynne M. Valente, The Girl Who Circumnavigated Fairyland in a Ship of Her Own Making
Genevieve Valentine, The Girls at the Kingfisher Club
Katherine Vaz, Fado and Other Stories
Joan Vinge, The Snow Queen
Joy Williams, The Changeling
Bill Willingham, Fables
Patricia C. Wrede, Snow White, Rose Red
Jane Yolen, Briar Rose
Jane Yolen, How to Fracture a Fairy Tale
Jane Yolen, Once Upon a Time, She Said
* Please note that the majority of these works are inspired by the classic European fairy tales most familiar to English-language readers. I'd welcome a similar list of fictions based on non-Western folk and fairy tales.
Anthologies
Kate Bernheimer, editor: My Mother She Killed Me, My Father He Ate Me
Ellen Datlow and Terri Windling, editors:
For adult readers:
Snow White, Blood Red
Black Thorn, White Rose
Ruby Slippers, Golden Tears
Black Swan, White Raven
Silver Birch, Blood Moon
Black Heart, Ivory Bones
For younger readers:
A Wolf at the Door
Swan Sister
Troll's-eye View
Paula Guran, editor: Once Upon a Time
Navah Wolfe and Dominik Parisien, editors: The Starlit Wood
Jack Zipes, editor: Don't Bet on the Prince
Poetry
Olga Broumas, Beginning With O
Jeanne Marie Beaumont and Claudia Carlson, editors: The Poets Grimm:
20th Century Poems from Grimm Fairy Tales
Francesca Lia Block, Dead Girls
Julie Boden and Zoe Brigley, editors: Bluebeard's Wives
Hayden Carruth, The Sleeping Beauty
Denise Duhamel, How the Sky Fell
Jeannine Hall Gailey, Becoming the Villainess
Jeannine Hall Gailey, She Returns to the Floating World
Wolfgang Mieder, editor: Disenchantment: An Anthology of Modern Fairy Tale Poetry
Anne Sexton, Transformations
Marilyn Singer, Mirror, Mirror
Lisa Russ Spaar, the "Rapunzel's Clock" sequence, Glass Town
Gwen Strauss, Trail of Stones
Jane Yolen, The Last Selchie Child
You'll also find good fairy tale poems peppered in collections by Carol Ann Duffy, Donald Finkel, Neil Gaiman, Sandra Gilbert, Louise Gluck, Liz Lochhead, Lisbeth Mueller, Lawrence Schimel, Joseph Stanton, and David Wagoner, among others.
Nonfiction
Kate Bernheimer, editor: Miror, Mirror on the Wall: Women Writers Explore Their Favourite Fairy Tales
Kate Bernheimer, editor: Brothers & Beasts: Men on Fairy Tales
Donald Haase, editor: Fairy Tales and Feminism: New Approaches
Katherine Langrish, Seven Miles of Steel Thistle: Reflections on Fairy Tales
Katherine Langrish, essays on fairy tales, myth, and fantasy literature published on the Seven Miles of Steel Thistle website
Amanda Leduc, Disfigured: On Fairy Tales, Disability, and Making Space
Sabrina Orah Marks, "Happily" -- a column on fairy tales and motherhood published in Paris Review (and on their website)
Mari Ness, essays on fairy tales published on Tor.com
Mayako Murai and Luciana Cardi, editors: Re-Orienting the Fairy Tale: Contemtemporary Adaptations Across Cultures
Valerie Paradiz, Clever Maids: The Secret History of the Grimms Fairy Tales
Midori Snyder, essays on "The Armless Maiden" and "Sleeping Beauty, published on In the Labyrinth
Maria Tatar, The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales
P.L. Travers, About the Sleeping Beauty
Marina Warner, From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers
Marina Warner, Once Upon a Time: A Short History of Fairy Tale
Jane Yolen, Touch Magic: Fantasy, Faerie and Folklore in the Literature of Childhood
Jack Zipes, The Irresistible Fairy Tale: The Cultural and Social History of a Genre
Jack Zipes, editor: The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales
Some of my own essays on fairy tales, written for various magazines and anthologies, are available online here and here.
Other resources
Fairy Tale Review (Wayne State University Press)
Marvels & Tales (Wayne State University Press)
Gramarye Journal (The Chichester Centre for Fairy Tales, Fantasy, and Speculative Fiction)
The Centre for Fantasy and the Fantastic (University of Glasgow)
The Carterhaugh School of Folklore and the Fantastic (online classes & community)
Papaveria Press (small press specialising in magical literature)
Surlalune (online fairy tale resourses)
Once Upon a Blog (online fairy tale news)
Timeless Tales (online fiction & poetry journal)
Goblin Fruit (online poetry journal), full archives from 2006 to 2014
Cabinet des Fées (online & print fairy tale journal), full archives from 2005 to 2015
Unsettling Wonder (online & print folk/fairy tale journal), full archives from 2012 to 2017
The Endicott Studio's Journal of Mythic Arts (online), selected archives from 1997 to 2008
The painting above is by Edmund Dulac.